Catheter-associated urinary tract infection: a review

Catheter-associated urinary tract infection is still one of the most challenging aspects pf clinical practice, not only for professionals who work in the area of infection control, but for all who care for patients. Urethral catheters may be used to promote post-operative repair, relieve anatomical or physiological obstruction and provide an accurate measure of urinary output. Catheters also have a part to play in the management of intractable urinary incontinence, but admittedly less so than 10 years ago, as we now have alternative techniques and appliances, such as intermittent self catheterization (ISC), penile sheaths and an extensive range of incontinence pads. This paper reviews recent developments in catheterization and catheter care intended to prevent or alleviate urinary tract infections and associated problems.